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Cambridge Springs is a home rule municipality, formerly a borough, in Crawford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 2,595 at the 2010 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Cambridge Springs borough, Pennsylvania )〕 == History == The village of Cambridge was settled in 1822 and was named for the town of Cambridge, Massachusetts.〔Bates, p. 490.〕 It was incorporated into the borough of Cambridgeboro on April 3, 1866.〔〔Bates, p. 493.〕 In the late nineteenth century, Cambridgeboro was known for its mineral springs. The discovery of the springs eventually led to renaming the borough to Cambridge Springs on April 1, 1897.〔 It was a resort town featuring a variety of hotels including the Rider Hotel, which burned down in 1931. Only one of these hotels, the Riverside Inn, remains in active use today; it has been listed in the National Register of Historic Places since 1978. Also listed on the National Register of Historic Places are the Cambridge Springs Bridge and Amos Kelly House. In 1904, the Rider Hotel in Cambridge Springs was the site of a famous chess tournament won by Frank Marshall ahead of World Champion Emanuel Lasker and fourteen other players. A variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined opening played several times there is today known as the Cambridge Springs Defense (1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.e3 c6 6.Nf3 Qa5 in algebraic notation). From 1912 to 1987 it was home to Alliance College. In 1912 United States President William Howard Taft traveled to Cambridge Springs for the dedication. The site of the college is now occupied by State Correctional Institution – Cambridge Springs, a minimum-security prison. In the early twentieth century, the town became a "veritable 'Mecca' to chronic hoboes" who were interested in meeting Leon Ray Livingston, the famed hobo and author who had established Cambridge Springs as his home base while not traveling. The borough adopted a home rule charter on May 21, 1974 that took effect on January 5, 1976.〔Pennsylvania Code (Title 320, Sec. 41.1-101 ''et seq.'' )〕 While the community's official name remains the "Borough of Cambridge Springs", it is no longer subject to the Pennsylvania Borough Code. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cambridge Springs, Pennsylvania」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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